2015年4月27日 星期一

Smashing Good Fun  粉碎之樂趣


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Smashing Good Fun  粉碎之樂趣
by William Ryan

The tradition of piñatas offers kids a chance to get yummy rewards by breaking things.
皮納塔這項傳統藉由砸碎物品來提供孩子一個贏得美味獎賞的機會。

  Piñatas are clay pot containers covered with brightly-colored paper mache and filled with candy, fruit, or other assorted treats. Traditionally, piñatas are suspended from ceilings by ropes as part of a party. Children take turns hitting them with sticks until they break. _(1)_
  Most commonly associated with Mexican culture, piñatas are long believed to have originated in Europe and then been brought to Mexico by the Spanish in the late 16th century. _(2)_ These early Mexican piñatas were shaped like seven-point stars. _(3)_ The candy and other treats inside the piñata represented the rewards of Heaven. Such highly-religious significance seems practically forgotten in the modern, secular age. Although there is some debate, some people claim that China made the first piñatas. _(4)_ They were often used in observance of the lunar New Year. The containers were hit with sticks of different colors. The idea was to ask for favorable weather for the upcoming growing season.
  Similar traditions exist in parts of India, Japan, and the Philippines. _(5)_ The not-so-easy-to-reach pots are for children to break and claim the prizes. In the Japanese version, which is called suikawari, people split a watermelon with a stick while blindfolded, and the first to crack the watermelon open wins. Nowadays, piñatas are largely a Western phenomenon. They are especially popular in Mexican-American communities in the US, where they are used for birthdays, Christmas, and other holiday celebrations.

(A) In Maharashtra, India, clay pots are filled with treats or money and hung in public places as part of Krishna's birthday festivities.
(B) In the days leading up to Christmas, Mexican priests introduced them during Mass, the main worship service of the Catholic religion.
(C) As the treats fall to the floor, the kids rush to grab them.
(D) Blindfolded children enjoy playing hide and seek.
(E) The points represented the seven deadly sins while the piñata's bright colors represented temptation.
(F) Chinese piñatas were designed in the shape of an ox and filled with different kinds of seeds.

 
  1. 第一題空格應選 (C)
    理由:
    a. 空格前一句提及 "Children take turns hitting them with sticks until they break."(小朋友用棍棒輪流敲擊它們,直到它們破裂為止。),而 (C) 項的句子接著說明,"As the treats fall to the floor, the kids rush to grab them."(當點心掉落在地上時,小朋友便會衝過去搶。),前一句的children(小朋友)和後一句的 kids(小朋友)前後呼應,故形成關聯。
    b. 根據上述,(C) 項應為正選。
    大補丸:
    rush to V  趕緊(做)……
    Donna rushed to grab her son before he ran out into the street.
    唐娜在她兒子跑到街上之前趕緊抓住他。
  2. 第二題空格應選 (B)
    理由:
    a. 空格前一句提及 "Most commonly associated with Mexican culture, piñatas are long believed to have originated in Europe and then been brought to Mexico by the Spanish in the late 16th century."(皮納塔最常與墨西哥文化聯想在一起,它長久以來都被認定為來自歐洲,接著於十六世紀末由西班牙人帶入墨西哥。),而 (B) 項的句子補充說明 "In the days leading up to Christmas, Mexican priests introduced them during Mass, the main worship service of the Catholic religion."(在聖誕節到來之前的幾天,墨西哥神父在彌撒(天主教的主要禮拜儀式)期間引進了皮納塔。),前後兩句皆提及 Mexican(墨西哥的)一字且語意連貫,故形成關聯。
    b. 根據上述,(B) 項應為正選。
    大補丸:
    a. lead up to...  發生在……之前
    b. priest n. 神父
    c. Catholic a. 天主教的
  3. 第三題空格應選 (E)
    理由:
    a. 空格前一句提及 "These early Mexican piñatas were shaped like seven-point stars."(這些早期的墨西哥皮納塔,形狀像七角星。),而 (E) 項的句子提及 "The points represented the seven deadly sins while the piñata's bright colors represented temptation."(這七個角代表七大罪,而皮納塔的鮮豔色彩代表誘惑。),前一句的 seven-point(七個角的)和後一句的 points (尖端,尖頭)前後呼應,故形成關聯。
    b. 根據上述,(E) 項應為正選。
    大補丸:
    a. deadly a. 極度的;致命的
    Those racers drove around the track at a deadly pace.
    那些賽車選手開著車繞著跑道極速飛馳。
    b. sin n. 原罪,罪惡
    c. temptation n. 誘惑
  4. 第四題空格應選 (F)
    理由:
    a. 空格前一句提及 "Although there is some debate, some people claim that China made the first piñatas."(縱使有一些爭議存在,有些人仍聲稱是中國製作了首批皮納塔。),而 (F) 項的句子提及 "Chinese piñatas were designed in the shape of an ox and filled with different kinds of seeds."(中國的皮納塔被設計成公牛的形狀,裡頭裝滿了不同種類的種子。),前一句的 China(中國)和後一句的 Chinese(中國的)前後呼應,故形成關聯。
    b. 根據上述,(F) 項應為正選。
    大補丸:
    ox n.(去勢的)公牛(複數為 oxen)
  5. 第五題空格應選 (A)
    理由:
    a. 空格前一句提及 "Similar traditions exist in parts of India, Japan, and the Philippines."(類似的傳統也在印度、日本和菲律賓的某些地方存在著。),而 (A) 項的句子補充說明 "In Maharashtra, India, clay pots are filled with treats or money and
    hung in public places as part of Krishna's birthday festivities."(在印度的馬哈拉施特拉邦,陶罐內裝滿了點心或金錢,被懸掛在公眾場合,作為黑天神生日慶典的一部份。),前後兩句皆提及 India(印度)一字,故形成關聯。
    b. 根據上述,(A) 項應為正選。
    大補丸:
    be filled with...  裝滿/充滿……
    The road ahead may be filled with tough challenges, but Gavin knows he will survive.
    前方的道路也許會充滿艱難的挑戰,但蓋文知道他會撐得過去。

piñata n. 皮納塔(根據墨西哥傳統,用棍棒敲破皮納塔,象徵著將美好的事物從魔鬼手中奪回。)
clay pot  陶罐
paper mache  混凝紙
mache n. 紙漿
highly-religious a. 深具宗教性的
secular a. 世俗的,非宗教的

  1. take turns V-ing  輪流(做)……
    In the past, we had to take turns using computers in the office.
    我們以前在辦公室必須輪流使用電腦。
  2. be associated with...  和……聯想在一起;和……有關
    Cigar smoking used to be associated with the wealthy.
    抽雪茄過去常與有錢人士聯想在一起。
  3. be in observance of... 慶祝……;遵守……
    Everyone should be in observance of the law.
    每個人都應該要守法。


  1. smash vt. 砸碎,打破
    注解
    本文標題中的 smashing 原為形容詞(極佳的),轉為副詞以修飾 good,形成下列固定用法:
    smashing good  棒得不得了的
    Johnny smashed the glass after a big fight with his wife.
    強尼和妻子大吵一架後,砸碎了玻璃杯。
    The action movie is smashing good.
    這部動作片非常棒。
  2. yummy a. 好吃的,美味的
  3. assorted a. 各式各樣的
    My mother bought me a box of assorted chocolates.
    我媽媽買了一盒什錦巧克力給我。
  4. suspend vt. 懸掛;中止
    The students suspended the sign in the middle of the classroom.
    那些學生將該標誌懸掛在教室的中央。
  5. ceiling n. 天花板
  6. significance n. 意義;重要性
    衍: be of great significance  很重要
    I did not understand the significance of Alan's remark.
    我不理解艾倫的言下之意。
    The discovery was of great significance to archeology.
    這項發現對考古學極具重要性。
  7. debate n. 爭論,辯論
  8. lunar a. 陰曆的;月球上的
  9. favorable a. 有利的;贊同的
    反: unfavorable a. 不利的;反對的
    The weather is favorable for a walk in the park.
    這種天氣很適合到公園散步。
    This book received unfavorable reviews on the website.
    這本書在該網站上受到的評論不佳。
  10. claim vt. 領取
    Frank forgot to claim his baggage after he got off the plane.
    法蘭克下飛機之後,忘了領取他的行李。
  11. blindfold vt. 矇住(眼睛)
  12. phenomenon n. 現象(單數)
    衍: phenomena n. 現象(複數)

粉碎之樂趣
皮納塔這項傳統藉由砸碎物品來提供孩子一個贏得美味獎賞的機會。
  皮納塔是一種佈滿色彩鮮豔紙糊的陶罐容器,裡頭裝滿了糖果、水果或其他琳瑯滿目的點心。傳統上,皮納塔會使用繩子將其懸掛在天花板上,作為派對的一部份。小朋友用棍棒輪流敲擊它們,直到它們破裂為止。當點心掉落在地上時,小朋友便會衝過去搶。
  皮納塔最常與墨西哥文化聯想在一起,它長久以來都被認定為來自歐洲,接著於十六世紀末由西班牙人帶入墨西哥。在聖誕節到來之前的幾天,墨西哥神父在彌撒(天主教的主要禮拜儀式)期間引進了皮納塔。這些早期的墨西哥皮納塔,形狀像七角星。這七個角代表七大罪,而皮納塔的鮮豔色彩代表誘惑。皮納塔裡頭的糖果和其他點心則象徵上天的恩賜。像這樣深具宗教性的涵義,似乎快要在這現代且世俗的年代中被遺忘了。縱使有一些爭議存在,有些人仍聲稱是中國製作了首批皮納塔。中國的皮納塔被設計成公牛的形狀,裡頭裝滿了不同種類的種子。它們常用於慶祝農曆新年。這些容器會以不同顏色的棍棒來打擊。這個構想是為了即將來臨的作物生長季節祈求風調雨順。
  類似的傳統也在印度、日本和菲律賓的某些地方存在著。在印度的馬哈拉施特拉邦,陶罐內裝滿了點心或金錢,被懸掛在公眾場合,作為黑天神(編按:又譯為奎師那或克里希納,是印度教最重要的神祇之一,通常是藍皮膚、吹笛子的牧人形象。)生日慶典的一部份。這些不易觸及的陶罐是為了要給小朋友打破並領取獎賞的。日本的版本稱作 suikawari(譯為打西瓜),人們在蒙住眼睛時用棍棒將西瓜劈開,率先擊破西瓜的人便取得勝利。現今,皮納塔主要成為一種西方人的慶祝方式。皮納塔在美國的墨裔美國人社會特別受到歡迎,主要是用於生日、聖誕節以及其他節日慶典等。
答案: 1. C 2. B 3. E 4. F 5. A

 
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