譯/李京倫
法國大選籠罩在阿爾及利亞戰爭陰影下
Shadows of Algerian War Loom Over France's Presidential Campaigns Grim conspiracy theories about replacing white, Christian French with Muslims from North Africa. Vows to limit immigration from the region. And the evocation of memories of a supposedly glorious colonial past in Algeria.
關於北非穆斯林取代法國白人基督徒的冷酷陰謀論。限制北非移民的宣示。還有被喚起的法國在阿爾及利亞據說光榮的殖民史回憶。
While President Emmanuel Macron of France has tried over the past year to address the painful memories of his country's colonial history in Algeria, the long shadows of that past — provoked by such messages — have increasingly pervaded the campaigns of right-wing candidates in next week's presidential elections.
法國總統馬克宏過去一年企圖處理法國在阿爾及利亞殖民史令人不快的記憶，但被這類訊息激起的這段過往的長長陰影，日益充斥在下周投票的總統大選右翼候選人選戰中。
In the fall, one far-right candidate, Éric Zemmour, said, "France does not have to welcome and keep all the criminals from North Africa." Another, Marine Le Pen, said that memories could not be reconciled "by scourging ourselves in front of Algeria."
去年秋天，極右派候選人澤穆赫說：「法國不是一定要歡迎並收留所有來自北非的罪犯。」另一名極右派候選人瑪蘅．雷朋說，那些回憶不會「因在阿爾及利亞面前折磨我們自己」就化解。
Macron's attempts to heal the wounds of France's colonization of Algeria have included acknowledging crimes committed by French military and by police, recognizing France's lack of regard for former settlers and Algerians who had fought for the country, and easing access to archives related to the war.
馬克宏致力療癒法國殖民阿爾及利亞造成的傷痛，包括承認法國軍警犯下的罪行，坦承法國不關心先前的阿爾及利亞移民和曾為法國作戰的阿爾及利亞人，以及放鬆管制，讓更多人看到阿爾及利亞戰爭檔案。
On the 60th anniversary of the Évian Accords, which brought an end to the war for Algerian independence, Macron said, "The Algerian War, its unsaid things, had become — and still are, when I listen to our news — the matrix of resentments."
在終結阿爾及利亞獨立戰爭的埃維昂協議簽署60周年紀念活動上，馬克宏說：「阿爾及利亞戰爭，關於這場戰爭沒說出口的事，已經成了憎恨的溫床，而且我聽新聞時發現仍然是這樣。」
Karim Amellal, a French Algerian member of the government's so-called Memories and Truth Commission on Algeria, said that Macron wanted to "untangle a knot that is the source of many problems, many stereotypes, many tensions."
法政府旗下所謂「阿爾及利亞回憶與真相委員會」法裔阿爾及利亞籍成員阿梅拉爾說，馬克宏想「解開一個結，那是許多問題、許多刻板印象和緊張的源頭」。
But those reconciliation efforts have been mainly drowned out in a presidential campaign that has been dominated by heated debates on immigration and identity, themes heavily entwined with France's colonial past in Algeria.
不過調解活動大多被總統選戰蓋過，選戰主軸一直是關於移民與認同的激烈討論，這兩個主題與法國在阿爾及利亞殖民史息息相關。
The legacy of Algeria has perhaps been most evident in the phrase "great replacement," a racist conspiracy theory claiming that white Christians were being replaced by nonwhite immigrants. The concept was popularized during the campaign by Zemmour, whose Jewish family comes from Algeria, and then picked up by Valérie Pécresse, the candidate of the mainstream right, in coded attacks on Muslim immigrants.
阿爾及利亞的包袱可能在「大取代論」這個詞上最明顯，這是種族歧視陰謀論，宣稱白人基督徒正逐漸被不是白人的移民取代。這個概念在出身來自阿爾及利亞猶太人家族的澤穆赫參選後流行起來，接著被主流右派候選人瓦萊麗．佩克雷斯在暗諷穆斯林移民時採用。
Macron said that his efforts over the past year had been intended "to forget nothing, to deny nothing of the irreducible nature of the sufferings, of the pains, of what has been experienced, but to assume that they are all French."
馬克宏說，過去這一年他的努力是為了「不要忘記，也不要否認那些苦難、痛苦和經驗有著無法平復的本質，而是要認為這些都是法國的」。
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