Martinez is plotting what he calls a "petite revolution."
馬蒂尼茲正在祕密計畫他所謂的「小小革命」。
Mr. Martinez, 50, a postman's son and the Louvre's president since April 2013, is moving quickly to make a democratic mark on the royal stronghold that has the most visitors of any museum in the world, 70 percent of them foreign tourists.
50歲的馬蒂尼茲是郵差之子，從2013年四月起擔任羅浮宮的館長，他現在正快馬加鞭，在這個原為法國皇宮的藝術堡壘留下民主的大眾標記，羅浮宮是世界上訪客最多的博物館，訪客有七成是外國觀光客。
A two-year, 53.5 million euro makeover is underway in the vast reception area below I. M. Pei's glass pyramid, where long lines of waiting visitors stream into a chaotic, open space that leaves many people disoriented and lost.
在建築師貝聿銘設計的玻璃金字塔下方的接待大廳，羅浮宮正在進行一項為期兩年、總金額5350萬歐元（約台幣20億4400萬元）的改造計畫，那是訪客大排長龍、雜亂等候的開放空間，許多人在那裡都迷了路。
He is also revamping the 40,000 banners, wall text, signs and symbols that explain the museum's treasures in French. The plan is to make them more readable in English and Spanish for the majority of visitors searching for cloakrooms or the Mona Lisa in the sprawl of a museum that dates to 1190, when it was a fortress for King Philippe II.
馬蒂尼茲還打算更換館內以法文說明館藏的4萬個橫幅、牆上文字、標誌及符號。這項計畫將以英文及西班牙文讓所有指標更清晰易懂，方便大多數訪客在偌大的博物館內找廁所或找蒙娜麗莎，羅浮宮建於1190年，當時是法王菲利普二世的一處要塞。
In the past, museums catered to visitors schooled in art history, with detailed information like a book and "chapters, titles, paragraphs," Mr. Martinez said . "Our museum is not a book. It's something physical. It's necessary to move things around to try to increase understanding of our art."
馬蒂尼茲說，各博物館過去迎合那些受過藝術史教育的訪客，展品都附上像一本書那樣的詳細資訊，還有「章節、標題、段落」。他說：「我們羅浮宮不是書本，而是可看可觸摸的東西。我們必須做一番改變，設法提高訪客對本館藝術的了解。」
Most of the Louvre's nine million visitors tend to be newcomers and art novices . The idea is to help them , with clear information .
羅浮宮每年900萬訪客多數都是第一次造訪，且對藝術所知不多。上述計畫的構想是以清楚的資訊協助訪客。
Mr. Martinez grew up in Rosnysous- Bois, a working-class suburb east of Paris. He said he reflects the demographic evolution. His own first visit to the Louvre was a history class trip at the age of 11. When he came home, he said, he told nothing to his parents, who had never taken him to a museum.
馬蒂尼茲成長於羅斯尼，巴黎東郊一個工人階級聚居區。他曾說他本人反映了法國的人口演變。他首度造訪羅浮宮是11歲時歷史課的戶外教學。他說，那天他回家時未跟父母說起羅浮宮的任何事，他的父母從未帶他參觀過博物館。
"I lived in a suburb that was very modern, and everything was new," he recalled. "And when I arrived here, everything was ancient. Imagine for a child, to see five centuries of art, some as old as two or three millenniums. In this space, I felt the depth of human history."
他回憶道：「我住在一個非常現代的郊區，那裡什麼東西都是新的。而當我來到羅浮宮，什麼東西都是舊的。請想像一下，一個孩子看到五個世紀的藝術，有些還有兩、三千年歷史。在這裡，我覺察到人類歷史的深度。」
Since Mr. Martinez's arrival, some critics have sniped in the French press, labeling him "anti- mondain," uncomfortable with high society and neglecting rich patrons at a time when French museums are facing reductions in state subsidies.
馬蒂尼茲擔任館長以來，部分批評者在法國媒體上惡意攻擊他，給他貼上「反世俗」的標箋，說他對上流社會感覺不自在，且在法國各博物館都面臨國家補助縮水之際還忽略有錢的贊助人。
The Louvre, with 2,100 employees, will receive 102 million euros, or roughly $127 million, in state funding next year, but its makeover is financed by money flowing from the Abu Dhabi satellite in the Emirates, which is paying the Louvre 400 million euros for the use of its name alone.
羅浮宮現有2100名員工，2015年將獲法國政府撥給1億200萬歐元、或約1億2700萬美元的經費，但該館改造計畫經費來自在阿拉伯聯合大公國阿布達比的分館，他們僅為使用羅浮宮之名的權利，就付給羅浮宮4億歐元。
Mr. Martinez tested the Louvre experience as a tourist last year. His wait in line dragged more than two and a half hours . He intends to reduce it by expanding entrances to five from three. Information desks and ticket counters will be arranged in a more logical fashion.
馬蒂尼茲去年親身測試觀光客的羅浮宮經驗。他在人龍中等了超過兩個半小時。他打算把羅浮宮的三個入口增為五個。詢問處和售票窗口也將以更合理的方式安排。
But Mr. Martinez concedes there are limits, such as the glut of selfie-snapping crowds surrounding the Mona Lisa. "There are no miracles," Mr. Martinez said, adding that he intends to divert some of the more than 850,000 French students who visit yearly to an educational space with revolving exhibits. Visitors said the new strategy was needed .
但馬蒂尼茲承認，改造有其限制，例如蒙娜麗莎畫像周圍總是擠滿了自拍的群眾。他說：「不會有奇蹟。」他還說，面對每年85萬名造訪羅浮宮的法國學生，他打算把其中一部分導向一個有多項展覽輪流展出的教育空間。許多訪客都說，上述新策略確有必要。
"We couldn't find the Michelangelo paintings," said Berke Erat, 24, of Turkey. "It was actually like being in 'The Da Vinci Code.' " Naama Barel, 27, of Israel, navigated by retracing his steps. "I was really depressed that I didn't take the audio guide, because all of the descriptions were in French. "
24歲的土耳其人伊拉特說：「我們找不到米開朗基羅的畫作，在羅浮宮直如置身『達文西密碼』。」27歲的以色列人巴瑞爾在參觀行程中多次折返。他說：「無法使用聲音導覽，我真的很失望，因為所有的說明都是法語。」
When Mr. Martinez strides through the Louvre, he points out shortcomings. "Look at this," he said as he paused to peer at a sign. "It's in English and such tiny print. Who can read this? Who?"
當馬蒂尼茲在羅浮宮內大步走過時，他指出多項缺點，他停下來盯著一個標誌說：「你看，這是英文說明，印得這麼小。誰看得到？誰？」
Part of his work will be to attract more French visitors, whose numbers have been slipping, particularly the young, such as Kimberly Sebas, 18, a fashion student, who described the Louvre as a labyrinth.
馬蒂尼茲的部分工作將是吸引更多法國訪客，他們的人數一直下滑，尤其是像18歲時裝設計學生金伯莉．塞巴斯這樣的年輕人，她把羅浮宮描述成迷宮。
"It's not easy to find the way," she said. "It's really big and really difficult, and without our professor, we would be lost."
她說：「找到路不容易，羅浮宮真的很大，很難找，要不是有教授帶著，我們會迷路。」
Experts give Mr. Martinez credit. "A major institution like the Louvre has such organizational and political and historical momentum that it's like moving a supertanker," said James M. Bradburne, director of the Palazzo Strozzi in Florence.
多位專家稱讚馬蒂尼茲，義大利佛羅倫斯斯特羅齊宮基金會主席布拉德伯恩說：「像羅浮宮這樣的大機構，有這種組織上、政治上和歷史上的分量，要改變它就像移動一艘超級油輪。」
"By trying this," he added, "Jean-Luc Martinez is being a hero."
他還說：「光是嘗試改變，馬蒂尼茲就已成為英雄。」
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